Module 1: Lathe Anatomy & Turning Theory¶

Overview¶

This module introduces the components and operation of a wood lathe, emphasizing the relationship between spindle speed, workpiece size, and safety. Students will understand how to identify wood grain direction and select appropriate speeds for different wood densities. This foundation is essential before tool technique is introduced.

Learning Objectives¶

Identify all major components of a wood lathe (headstock, tailstock, bed, tool rest)
Understand the relationship between workpiece diameter and spindle speed (RPM)
Explain grain direction and its effect on tool marks and cut quality
Describe wood properties relevant to turning (density, grain structure, moisture)
Select wood species appropriate for turning projects
Calculate or select correct spindle speed for given workpiece size

Module Structure¶

Slide 1: Lathe Anatomy & Component Function
Slide 2: Spindle Speed & Workpiece Size (RPM Calculation)
Slide 3: Grain Direction & Wood Properties
Slide 4: Wood Selection for Turning
Slide 5: Lathe Setup & Speed Selection Procedure

Assessment¶

Identification quiz: Lathe components and their functions
Speed calculation: Given workpiece diameter, select appropriate RPM
Grain direction analysis: Examine wood samples and identify grain
Hands-on: Mount a workpiece and set spindle speed safely

Time Allocation¶

Instructor Delivery: 3 hours
Guided Activities: 1 hour
Self-Study & Assessment: 0.5 hours
Total Module Time: 4.5 hours

Prerequisites¶

General shop safety awareness
No prior lathe experience required

Resources¶

Operating wood lathe with variable speed control
Lathe anatomy reference diagram
Wood samples (various species and grain patterns)
Speed/diameter reference chart
Safety glasses and dust masks
Calipers for measuring workpiece diameter

Module Version: 1.0 Created: 2026-03-15